Migraine

Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases in the world — affecting about one billion people.

This disease causes recurrent episodes of moderate to severe head pain, also known as migraine attacks, that can interfere with your daily life. Symptoms can include pulsing or throbbing head pain, often on one side of your head, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision or blind spots, and fatigue. Triggers vary from person to person, but some of the most common ones are stress, hormone fluctuations, limited sleep, weather changes, strong scents, and bright lights. While there is currently no cure for migraine, treatments and support can help ease your symptoms.

Common Questions & Answers

What's the difference between a headache and migraine?

Migraine is more than a bad headache. It's a neurological disease. Migraine attacks cause throbbing head pain, typically on one side of your head, nausea, and light and sound sensitivity. They can last for hours or even days.

To prevent a migraine attack, you'll first want to identify your triggers. Keep a journal on hand, and when a migraine attack occurs, note the time, what you were doing beforehand, and what, if any, treatments helped relieve your symptoms.

Find a dark, quiet space to rest. To ease symptoms, take over-the-counter pain relievers or prescription medications, as recommended by a doctor. Apply a hot or cold compress to your neck or forehead, and drink water or other hydrating beverages.

It's important to see a doctor if you experience head pain that is severe and long-lasting, occurs often, or doesn't respond well to medication.

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Resources
  1. Amiri P et al. Migraine: A Review on Its History, Global Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Comorbidities. Frontiers in Neurology. February 23, 2022.
  2. Migraine. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. January 31, 2025.

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