Depression

Common Questions & Answers
You might be depressed if you have consistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or emptiness. Other signs of depression can include irritability, a lack of pleasure from things you once enjoyed, sleep and appetite disturbances, and suicidal thoughts.
Coping skills for depression include practicing meditation and relaxation techniques, getting regular physical activity, avoiding alcohol and drugs, staying connected to your social network, eating a healthy diet, and doing activities that bring you a sense of pleasure or accomplishment.
Major triggers of depression include stressful life events like the loss of a job, a relationship breakdown, a financial hardship, a major illness or injury, the death of a loved one, loneliness, low self-esteem, giving birth, and alcohol or drug misuse.
With appropriate diagnosis and treatment, most people with depression can go on to live healthy, fulfilling lives.

Seth Gillihan, PhD
Medical Reviewer

Justin Laube, MD
Medical Reviewer
Justin Laube, MD, is a board-certified integrative and internal medicine physician, a teacher, and a consultant with extensive expertise in integrative health, medical education, and trauma healing.
He graduated with a bachelor's in biology from the University of Wisconsin and a medical degree from the University of Minnesota Medical School. During medical school, he completed a graduate certificate in integrative therapies and healing practices through the Earl E. Bakken Center for Spirituality & Healing. He completed his three-year residency training in internal medicine at the University of California in Los Angeles on the primary care track and a two-year fellowship in integrative East-West primary care at the UCLA Health Center for East-West Medicine.
He is currently taking a multiyear personal and professional sabbatical to explore the relationship between childhood trauma, disease, and the processes of healing. He is developing a clinical practice for patients with complex trauma, as well as for others going through significant life transitions. He is working on a book distilling the insights from his sabbatical, teaching, and leading retreats on trauma, integrative health, mindfulness, and well-being for health professionals, students, and the community.
Previously, Dr. Laube was an assistant clinical professor at the UCLA Health Center for East-West Medicine and the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, where he provided primary care and integrative East-West medical consultations. As part of the faculty, he completed a medical education fellowship and received a certificate in innovation in curriculum design and evaluation. He was the fellowship director at the Center for East-West Medicine and led courses for physician fellows, residents, and medical students.

Michelle Riba, MD
Medical Reviewer
Dr. Riba is a section editor for the journal Current Psychiatry Reports. She is a past president of the American Psychiatric Association, the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training, and the Association for Academic Psychiatry, and she is a former secretary for scientific publications for the World Psychiatric Association.

Grant Chu, MD
Medical Reviewer
Grant Chu, MD, is an assistant clinical professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. Dr. Chu is also the associate director of education at the UCLA Center for East-West Medicine, using technology to further medical education.
He is board-certified in internal medicine by the American Board of Internal Medicine and is a diplomate of the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine.
He received a bachelor's degree in neuroscience from Brown University, where he also earned his medical degree. He has a master's in acupuncture and oriental medicine from South Baylo University and a master's in business administration from the University of Illinois. He completed his residency in internal medicine at the University of California in Los Angeles and a fellowship at the Center for East-West Medicine at UCLA.
He has held academic appointments at the University of California in Irvine and the University of Queensland in Australia.

Chester Wu, MD
Medical Reviewer
Chester Wu, MD, is double board-certified in psychiatry and sleep medicine. He cares for patients through his private practice in Houston, where he provides evaluations, medication management, and therapy for psychiatric and sleep medicine conditions.
After training at the Baylor College of Medicine and Stanford University School of Medicine, Dr. Wu established the first sleep medicine program within a psychiatric system in the United States while at the Menninger Clinic in Houston.

Reyna Franco, RDN
Medical Reviewer
Reyna Franco, RDN, is a New York City–based dietitian-nutritionist, certified specialist in sports dietetics, and certified personal trainer. She is a diplomate of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine and has a master's degree in nutrition and exercise physiology from Columbia University.
In her private practice, she provides medical nutrition therapy for weight management, sports nutrition, diabetes, cardiac disease, renal disease, gastrointestinal disorders, cancer, food allergies, eating disorders, and childhood nutrition. To serve her diverse patients, she demonstrates cultural sensitivity and knowledge of customary food practices. She applies the tenets of lifestyle medicine to reduce the risk of chronic disease and improve health outcomes for her patients.
Franco is also a corporate wellness consultant who conducts wellness counseling and seminars for organizations of every size. She taught sports nutrition to medical students at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, taught life cycle nutrition and nutrition counseling to undergraduate students at LaGuardia Community College, and precepts nutrition students and interns. She created the sports nutrition rotation for the New York Distance Dietetic Internship program.
She is the chair of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine's Registered Dietitian-Nutritionist Member Interest Group. She is also the treasurer and secretary of the New York State Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, having previously served in many other leadership roles for the organization, including as past president, awards committee chair, and grant committee chair, among others. She is active in the local Greater New York Dietetic Association and Long Island Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, too.

Adam Gilden, MD, MSCE
Medical Reviewer
Adam Gilden, MD, MSCE, is an associate director of the Obesity Medicine Fellowship at University of Colorado School of Medicine and associate director of the Colorado University Medicine Weight Management and Wellness Clinic in Aurora. Dr. Gilden works in a multidisciplinary academic center with other physicians, nurse practitioners, registered dietitians, and a psychologist, and collaborates closely with bariatric surgeons.
Gilden is very involved in education in obesity medicine, lecturing in one of the obesity medicine board review courses and serving as the lead author on the Annals of Internal Medicine article "In the Clinic" on obesity.
He lives in Denver, where he enjoys spending time with family, and playing tennis.

Allison Young, MD
Medical Reviewer
Allison Young, MD, is a board-certified psychiatrist providing services via telehealth throughout New York and Florida.
In addition to her private practice, Dr. Young serves as an affiliate professor of psychiatry at Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine. She previously taught and mentored medical trainees at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine. She speaks at national conferences and has published scientific articles on a variety of mental health topics, most notably on the use of evidence-based lifestyle interventions in mental health care.
Young graduated magna cum laude from Georgetown University with a bachelor of science degree in neurobiology and theology. She obtained her doctor of medicine degree with honors in neuroscience and physiology from the NYU Grossman School of Medicine. She continued her training at NYU during her psychiatry residency, when she was among a small group selected to be part of the residency researcher program and studied novel ways to assess and treat mental distress, with a focus on anxiety, trauma, and grief.
During her psychiatry training, Young sought additional training in women’s mental health and cognitive behavioral therapy. She has also studied and completed further training in evidence-based lifestyle interventions in mental health care, including stress management, exercise, and nutrition. She is an active member of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, through which she helps create resources as well as educate physicians and patients on the intersection of lifestyle medicine and mental health.

Kelsey M. Latimer, PhD, RN
Medical Reviewer
Kelsey M. Latimer, PhD, RN, is a psychologist, nurse, and certified eating disorder specialist, and is the founder and owner of KML Psychological Services.
Dr. Latimer earned her PhD and master's degree from the University of North Texas, with an emphasis in child and adolescent development and in neuropsychology. Throughout her doctoral training, she became passionate about the prevention and treatment of eating disorders, women's issues, trauma treatment, and anxiety management. She has since overseen several nationally recognized eating disorder treatment programs.
She recently earned a bachelor's in nursing from Florida Atlantic University and is in the process of completing a master's of nursing, with a psychiatric mental health focus, which will allow her to become a medication provider. In addition, she has been accepted into an intensive research training and certification program at Harvard Medical School for 2024.
Latimer's focus is on empowering people to be informed and aware of their health and well-being, which includes increasing access to care. She has made over 50 invited appearances to speak about topics such as body image, dieting downfalls, eating disorder evidence-based treatment, college student functioning, and working with the millennial generation. She has been featured in dozens of media outlets and is a coauthor of the children's book series Poofas, which helps children understand their emotions and develop positive self-esteem and self-talk.

Patrice A. Harris, MD, MA, FAPA
Medical Reviewer
Dr. Patrice Harris is Everyday Health's chief health and medical editor and the CEO and cofounder of eMed, a digital healthcare company. She is a board-certified psychiatrist in Atlanta with diverse experience as a private practicing physician, a county public health officer, and a patient advocate with experience in policy, legislative, and government affairs. She was the 174th president of the American Medical Association (AMA) and the first African American woman elected to the position. She is also a visiting professor of psychiatry at the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons.
Dr. Harris served on the AMA Board of Trustees from 2011 through June 2021 and as chair of the board from 2016 to 2017. Prior to serving on the board, she honed her broad knowledge and deep understanding of healthcare issues through various leadership roles within the AMA, including many years on the AMA Council on Legislation — and one term as chair — and on multiple AMA task forces on topics such as health information technology, payment and delivery reform, and private contracting.
Dr. Harris also led the AMA’s efforts to end the opioid epidemic, serving as chair of the AMA Opioid Task Force from its inception in 2014 until June 2021, during which time the task force worked across every state to eliminate barriers to treatment; provide patients with access to affordable, non-opioid pain care; and fight the stigma faced by those with substance use disorders.
Outside of the AMA, Dr. Harris has held leadership positions with the American Psychiatric Association, the Georgia Psychiatric Physicians Association, the Medical Association of Georgia, and as chair of the Big Cities Health Coalition, a forum composed of leaders from America's largest metropolitan health departments. She is a member of the steering committee of the Atlanta Regional Collaborative for Health Improvement (ARCHI) and is on the board of the Georgia AIDS Coalition. She has also served on the boards of the Georgia National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) and the Mental Health Association of Georgia
Growing up in Bluefield, West Virginia, Dr. Harris dreamt of entering medicine at a time when few women of color were encouraged to become physicians. She spent her formative years at West Virginia University in Morgantown, earning a bachelor of arts in psychology, a master of arts in counseling psychology, and ultimately her doctor of medicine degree in 1992. It was during this time that her passion for helping children emerged.
After receiving her MD, Dr. Harris completed her psychiatry residency and fellowships in child and adolescent psychiatry and forensic psychiatry at the Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta. She also served as the senior policy fellow at the Barton Child Law and Policy Center at the Emory University School of Law.
Two themes that govern Dr. Harris’s professional life are a passion to improve the lives of children, and service to others. A recognized expert in children’s mental health and childhood trauma, she has led efforts on both local and national levels to integrate public health and behavioral health into overall healthcare and to provide support for employment, housing, and education to address the social determinants of health. She has long been a mentor and role model to others, as well as an advocate.
Dr. Harris is a highly sought after speaker at national and international conferences and has given invited lectures and presentations on COVID-19, children’s mental health, childhood trauma, the integration of mental health into overall health services, health equity, health policy, and the intersection of athletics and health. She has been a guest expert on multiple national radio and television networks, including CNN, MSNBC, Fox, and NPR. She has also received numerous awards in recognition of her service and leadership.
Dr. Harris is a fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, an adjunct assistant professor in the Emory Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and an adjunct clinical assistant professor in psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Morehouse School of Medicine in Atlanta.
In her spare time, Dr. Harris loves to travel, especially if a beach destination is involved. She is both a self-described foodie and shoe fanatic who is devoted to her hometown sports teams: the Atlanta Braves, Falcons, Hawks, and Atlanta United. The WVU Mountaineers of her beloved alma mater are also always close to her heart.

Angela D. Harper, MD
Medical Reviewer
Angela D. Harper, MD, is in private practice at Columbia Psychiatric Associates in South Carolina, where she provides evaluations, medication management, and psychotherapy for adults.
A distinguished fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, Dr. Harper has worked as a psychiatrist throughout her career, serving a large number of patients in various settings, including a psychiatric hospital on the inpatient psychiatric and addiction units, a community mental health center, and a 350-bed nursing home and rehab facility. She has provided legal case consultation for a number of attorneys.
Harper graduated magna cum laude from Furman University with a bachelor's degree and cum laude from the University of South Carolina School of Medicine, where she also completed her residency in adult psychiatry. During residency, she won numerous awards, including the Laughlin Fellowship from the American College of Psychiatrists, the Ginsberg Fellowship from the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training, and resident of the year and resident medical student teacher of the year. She was also the member-in-training trustee to the American Psychiatric Association board of trustees during her last two years of residency training.
Harper volunteered for a five-year term on her medical school's admission committee, has given numerous presentations, and has taught medical students and residents. She currently supervises a nurse practitioner. She is passionate about volunteering for the state medical board's medical disciplinary commission, on which she has served since 2015.
She and her husband are avid travelers and have been to over 55 countries and territories.

Heidi Green, MD
Medical Reviewer
In her private practice, Dr. Green provides psychiatric consultative services and offers an office-based buprenorphine maintenance program to support recovery from opioid addictions. She enjoys offering lifestyle medicine consultation to those interested in maximizing their emotional and physical health by replacing unhealthy behaviors with positive ones, such as eating healthfully, being physically active, managing stress, avoiding risky substance use, improving sleep, and improving the quality of their relationships.
At the opioid treatment programs, Green serves as medical director, working with a team of counselors, nurses, and other medical providers. The programs provide evidence-based treatment (including buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone) for persons suffering from opioid use disorders (such as addictions to heroin, fentanyl, or prescription pain medications).
Previously, Green has worked in community health and mental health settings where she provided consultation to behavioral health teams, integrated care teams, substance abuse intensive outpatient programs, and a women’s perinatal residential program. She also enjoyed supervising residents in her prior role as assistant consulting professor to the department of psychiatry at Duke University School of Medicine. During her training at the UNC department of psychiatry, she was honored to serve as chief resident, clinical instructor of psychiatry, and psychotherapy supervisor.
Green is passionate about the years we can add to our life and the life we can add to our years through lifestyle medicine! She focuses on maintaining her own healthy lifestyle through work-life balance, contemplative practices, and eating a plant-based diet. She finds joy through a continual growth mindset, shared quality time with her partner, and time spent outdoors backpacking and mountain biking.

Lee S. Cohen, MD
Medical Reviewer
Lee S. Cohen, MD, is an associate professor of clinical psychiatry at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, maintains a clinical practice focused on expert and complex diagnostics, and is considered an international expert in clinical psychopharmacology. He is also the director of the Clinical Neuroscience Center, involved in innovative development and discovery of new compounds for neuropsychiatric conditions and directly consults with multiple pharmaceutical companies worldwide.
Dr. Cohen graduated from the Sophie Davis Biomedical Education Program at the CUNY School of Medicine at The City College of New York, an accelerated six-year BS/MD program. He then completed his MD at SUNY Stony Brook School of Medicine.
He trained in pediatrics and adult psychiatry at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, followed by a fellowship in child and adolescent psychiatry at New York Presbyterian Columbia University Irving Medical Center. He served for 20 years as the director of psychiatry at the Clinical Neuroscience Center at Mount Sinai West Hospital.
He is a senior reviewer for multiple journals, including the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, the Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, and the International Journal of Autism and Related Disabilities.
Cohen teaches and presents research domestically and internationally at meetings such as those of the American Psychiatric Association and at major universities around the country.

Kayli Anderson, RDN
Medical Reviewer
Kayli Anderson has over a decade of experience in nutrition, culinary education, and lifestyle medicine. She believes that eating well should be simple, pleasurable, and sustainable. Anderson has worked with clients from all walks of life, but she currently specializes in nutrition therapy and lifestyle medicine for women. She’s the founder of PlantBasedMavens.com, a hub for women to get evidence-based, practical, and woman-centered guidance on nutrition and cooking, hormone health, fertility, pregnancy, movement, mental well-being, nontoxic living, and more.
Anderson is board-certified in lifestyle medicine and serves as lead faculty of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine’s (ACLM) "Food as Medicine" course. She is past chair of the ACLM's registered dietitian member interest group, secretary of the women's health member interest group, and nutrition faculty for many of ACLM's other course offerings. She is the coauthor of the Plant-Based Nutrition Quick Start Guide and works with many of the leading organizations in nutrition and lifestyle medicine to develop nutrition content, recipes, and educational programs.
Anderson frequently speaks on the topics of women’s health and plant-based nutrition and has coauthored two lifestyle medicine textbooks, including the first one on women’s health, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan.
She received a master's degree in nutrition and physical performance and is certified as an exercise physiologist and intuitive eating counselor. She's a student of herbal medicine and women's integrative and functional medicine. She lives with her husband in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, where you’ll find her out on a trail or in her garden.
- What Is Depression? American Psychiatric Association. April 2024.
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