These Are the 12 Best Toothpastes for Pearly Whites, According to Experts

Most people know that good oral hygiene is important, but are often surprised to hear how far-reaching the implications of dental problems can be. Poor oral health may cause tooth pain and sensitivity and lead to uncomfortable symptoms like bleeding gums and loose teeth. It may also increase your risk for health issues like heart disease and make it more difficult to manage chronic conditions like diabetes.

Most people will have at least one cavity by the time they hit their thirties, and more than 40 percent of adults in the United States report feeling pain in their mouth within the last year.

These troubling facts highlight how important good tooth brushing habits are, like choosing the right toothbrush, brushing with the right force, and brushing at least twice per day, per guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

While brushing twice daily is a must, not all tooth brushing sessions are created equally. Along with being sure to brush for the recommended time frame, it’s important to choose a toothpaste that will help keep your teeth and gums healthy. The right toothpaste can help alleviate ongoing discomfort, prevent future issues, and leave you with a fresh, clean feeling every morning and night.

We tested a variety of toothpastes, consulted dental experts, and rounded up the top toothpaste options in every category to help you choose the best of the best. Read on to find out which toothpaste might be right for you.

When to Consult Your Doctor

According to the CDC, Adults and children who visit the dentist regularly for dental cleanings and preventive checkups have fewer dental problems. If you’re experiencing tooth or gum pain, sensitivity that makes it uncomfortable to eat or drink, or infection-like symptoms, you should reach out to your doctor or dentist to schedule a visit. Likewise, if you have specific questions about what sort of toothpaste or other oral care products would be most beneficial to you, your dentist can provide a thorough exam and evaluation and offer individualized guidance to help you reach your goals.

Best Whitening

Colgate Optic White Pro Series

$15.98 at Amazon

Pros

  • 5 percent concentration of hydrogen peroxide to whiten teeth
  • Can help prevent new stains from forming
  • Enamel-safe, non-abrasive whitening ingredients such as hydrogen peroxide, fluoride 

Cons

  • Only 1 flavor option
  • Not for those with existing sensitivity or gum disease 

Key Specs

  • Contains fluoride: Yes (sodium monofluorophosphate)
  • Other ingredients: Hydrogen peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Whitening: Yes
With Colgate Optic White Pro Series toothpaste, users can expect to see whiter teeth in just three days, and can expect the brightness to stick around. This toothpaste contains hydrogen peroxide, which can help remove tough stains, like those from coffee.

Colgate Optic White can also gently reduce the surface roughness on your teeth as it whitens, without risking damage to the enamel.

 This is important because abrasion can cause longer-term damage to your teeth. “This can lead to exposure of the underlying tooth structure called dentin. When dentin is exposed, teeth become sensitive, develop decay, and may require root canal therapy,” says Steven J. Katz, DDS, a dentist practicing at Beachwood Endodontic Specialists in Beachwood, Ohio.
If you have existing sensitivity or gum disease (which can lead to sensitivity), you may want to choose a different whitening toothpaste.

Hydrogen peroxide, a signature ingredient in Colgate Optic White Pro Series, may cause a temporary increase in the sensitivity of both gums and teeth.

Best Natural

Tom’s Whole Care Anticavity Toothpaste

$9.83 at Amazon

Pros

  • No animal testing, artificial flavors, sweeteners, or dyes
  • Available in several flavors
  • Vegan 

Cons

  • Not for those who prefer to avoid fluoride or sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Not for those with existing sensitivity or gum disease

Key Specs

  • Fluoride: Yes (sodium monofluorophosphate)
  • Other ingredients: Calcium carbonate, hydrated silica, sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Whitening: Yes

Tom’s Whole Care Anticavity Toothpaste comes from the well-loved Tom's of Maine brand, known for its all-natural self-care and hygiene products. This toothpaste is free from artificial flavors, sweeteners, and dyes and the ingredients are listed on its website, with information about how they’re derived and what they do, so you know exactly what you’re putting into your mouth.

The fluoride in Tom’s Whole Care Anticavity Toothpaste is sodium monofluorophosphate, which is recognized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to prevent cavities by strengthening the enamel of your teeth.

 Meanwhile, calcium carbonate and hydrated silica gently scrub away deposits that make the teeth’s surface uneven, leaving them smoother and less prone to trapping bacteria.

 Tom’s also contains zinc citrate (a naturally antimicrobial zinc salt) and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) which can help prevent tooth decay and freshen your breath.

Tom’s is our pick for best natural toothpaste, but it’s worth noting that it also contains sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), a foaming agent. Some people prefer to avoid sulfates due to possible irritation, but there’s little research that suggests that SLS can cause irritation. However, if you have existing sensitivity or gum disease, you may want to avoid this toothpaste, just in case.

 Luckily, Tom's also offers roducts with SLS alternatives.

Best for Gingivitis

Parodontax Complete Protection Pure Fresh Mint Toothpaste

$6.98 at Walmart
$28.62Now 76% Off

Pros

  • Can help reduce inflammation, swelling at the gumline
  • Includes whitening ingredients
  • Hydrated silica help remove stains

Cons

  • Only available in mint flavor
  • Not for those who prefer to avoid fluoride or sodium lauryl sulfate

Key Specs

  • Fluoride: Yes (stannous fluoride)
  • Other ingredients: Titanium dioxide, hydrated silica, sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Whitening: Yes
Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease that can lead to serious discomfort. Caused by a bacterial buildup around the teeth, it can result in irritation, tenderness, swelling, and gums that may bleed easily during brushing or flossing.

 The active ingredient in Parodontax Complete is stannous fluoride, another type of fluoride that is FDA-approved to support dental health.
Stannous fluoride can help protect your teeth and gums in several ways; it breaks down plaque, which can cause gingivitis, and it repairs and strengthens your tooth enamel. It also can also help kill bacteria and inhibit bacterial growth.

 The combination of stronger enamel and preventing bacterial growth helps keep the area where the gums and teeth meet, an area that can be particularly vulnerable to bacterial build-up, strong and healthy.
Protecting your gum line isn’t all that Parodontax does, though. Parodontax also includes titanium dioxide to help whiten your teeth and hydrated silica as an abrasive that can help remove stains and plaque.

With ingredients that are known to be effective, Parodontax is a good choice for people focused on fighting gingivitis.

Best for Sensitive Teeth

Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength Whitening Toothpaste

$19.47 at Amazon

Pros

  • Potassium nitrate helps relieve sensitivity
  • Helps repair enamel to protect from future sensitivity
  • Includes whitening agents that won't harm teeth

Cons

  • No options for flavors other than mint
  • Not for those who prefer fluoride-free toothpaste

Key Specs

  • Fluoride: Yes (sodium fluoride)
  • Other ingredients: Potassium nitrate, titanium dioxide, hydrated silica, sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Whitening: Yes
Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength Whitening Toothpaste contains the maximum strength of potassium nitrate allowed by the FDA. This ingredient soothes the nerves in exposed dentin, the layer under the tooth enamel.

 You can count on relief from sensitivity 24/7 with twice-daily brushing and, over time, an overall reduction of sensitivity as its other active ingredient, sodium fluoride, works to help repair enamel and build protection against future sensitivity.
This toothpaste also contains trisodium phosphate, which can help remineralize and repair the enamel on your teeth.

 “Remineralizing toothpaste works by replacing the essential minerals — like calcium and phosphate — that acids or nutrient deficiencies pull from your tooth enamel,” says Michelle Jorgensen, DDS, owner of Living Well with Dr. Michelle Jorgensen in Pleasant Grove, Utah. “By filling in these microscopic voids, it strengthens the enamel and helps prevent cavities before they form.”

With a minty-fresh aftertaste and titanium dioxide, the enamel-safe whitening agent used in many toothpastes, this toothpaste is an all-around great choice for those with sensitive teeth.

Best for Bad Breath

Arm & Hammer Plus TheraBreath Breath Fresheners

$3.97 at Walmart
$5.37Now 26% Off

Pros

  • Kills bad breath-causing bacteria
  • Contains baking soda as a gentle abrasive
  • Effective plaque removal

Cons

  • Only 1 flavor
  • Not a good fit for those who prefer fluoride-free

Key Specs

  • Form: Paste
  • Fluoride: Yes (sodium fluoride)
  • Notable ingredients: Sodium chlorite, baking soda, titanium dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Whitening: Yes

No one likes bad breath, in themselves or their partner. Arm & Hammer Toothpaste Plus Therabreath is our top pick for a toothpaste for those who want to be sure they’ve got fresh breath both right after they brush and throughout the day.

All Arm & Hammer toothpastes are made with pure baking soda, which acts as a gentle abrasive that helps deep clean the mouth, including in tough spots like in between teeth and along the gum line. Baking soda can also help neutralize acids in your mouth that can erode tooth enamel. This toothpaste contains sodium chlorite, which kills the bacteria in the mouth that can cause bad breath.

Sodium chlorite is the active ingredient in TheraBreath products, which are known for their mouthwashes designed to fight bad breath. Like other products that are designed to keep breath fresh, sodium chlorite functions to fight the bacteria that cause bad breath and has been shown to be an effective remedy for halitosis.

Arm & Hammer Plus TheraBreath comes in Invigorating Icy Mint flavor. “The mint flavor wasn't overpowering at all, which I liked,” reports Lili Ladaga, an Everyday Health editor who tested this toothpaste. “I like fresh breath, but I don't necessarily want to smell like toothpaste,” she says.

Best for Removing Plaque

Colgate Total Plaque Pro Release Whitening Toothpaste

$5.36 at Amazon
$5.99Now 11% Off

Pros

  • Smart Foam formula helps penetrate hard-to-reach places
  • Stannous fluoride reduces plaque
  • Gentle whitening with titanium dioxide

Cons

  • Only available in mint flavor
  • Not for those who prefer to avoid fluoride 

Key Specs

  • Form: Paste
  • Fluoride: Yes (stannous fluoride)
  • Notable ingredients: Stannous fluoride, titanium dioxide, hydrated silica, arginine
  • Whitening: Yes
If plaque removal is your number one priority, Colgate Total Plaque Pro Release Whitening Toothpaste is the best option. This toothpaste checks all the boxes: Its stannous fluoride formula with hydrated silica and arginine is designed to be anticavity, anti-gingivitis, and anti-sensitivity. Arginine is an amino acid with antimicrobial properties that has been shown to be effective in supporting oral pH and remineralizing the teeth.

Part of what makes Colgate Total Plaque Pro Release Whitening Toothpaste so effective is its unique SmartFoam formula, which is designed to penetrate the hard-to-reach places where bacteria are common, like along the gum line. The toothpaste is also gluten and sugar-free.

Best for Tartar Control

Periogen Toothpaste

$13.95 at Amazon

Pros

  • Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate and pentasodium triphosphate to prevent tartar
  • Sodium lauryl sulfate-free

Cons

  • Only available in mint flavor

Key Specs

  • Form: Gel
  • Fluoride: No
  • Other ingredients: Hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate
  • Whitening: Yes
Tartar is the hardened form of plaque and can cause serious issues like gum disease, tooth decay, and even tooth loss if it’s not prevented or addressed once it’s present.

Periogen Tartar Control Toothpaste relies on tetrapotassium pyrophosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate to reduce and prevent the buildup of tartar. These agents work by removing calcium and magnesium from the saliva. When calcium and magnesium are removed from the saliva, they can’t deposit on the surface of the teeth and form tartar.

Periogen is a fluoride-free toothpaste that uses hydroxyapatite to protect the teeth and prevent cavities and other dental issues. Toothpaste that relies on hydroxyapatite, rather than fluoride, contains microparticles of the ingredient that have been shown to deposit onto the surface of the teeth to restore enamel that has been demineralized. When enamel is strong, cavity-causing bacteria cannot invade the teeth.

It’s worth noting that Periogen doesn’t contain foaming agents, but while this may feel unfamiliar if you’re used to foaming toothpastes, rest assured that the minty flavor and cleaning power of Periogen Toothpaste will still leave you with the just-brushed scent and feeling you’re looking for. Periogen is a little pricier than some other toothpaste options, but the brand emphasizes that you truly only need a pea-sized amount. This means that each tube of Periogen will last you longer than the same size tube of other brands.

Hello fluoride toothpase

Best for Kids

Hello Kids Magical Mermaid Fluoride Toothpaste

Pros

  • Fun, kid-friendly flavors
  • Prevents cavities and strengthens enamel with fluoride
  • No artificial flavors, sweeteners, or dyes
  • Free from sodium lauryl sulfate, titanium dioxide

Cons

  • Not for those who prefer to avoid fluoride
  • Nonfoaming gel form may feel unfamiliar to some kids

Key Specs

  • Form: Gel
  • Fluoride: Yes (sodium fluoride)
  • Other ingredients: Potassium citrate, hydrated silica, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, rebaudioside, xylitol
  • Whitening: No

Hello Kids Magical Mermaid is the Orange Dreamsicle-flavored toothpaste that checks all the boxes necessary to quickly become kids' (and their parents’) favorite toothpaste. This toothpaste comes in different fun names and flavors: Smiling Shark (Fruit Punch), Unicorn Sparkle (Bubble Gum), and Dragon Dazzle (Blue Raspberry).

“My son loved this toothpaste so much, he refused to go back to his old one after we tested it,” says Simone Scully, editorial director at Everyday Health, who tested this toothpaste with her 5-year-old. “He loved the flavor we tried so much he immediately asked us to try one of the other flavors, Dragon Dazzle — which he liked just as much.”

The active ingredient in Hello Kids Magical Mermaid is sodium fluoride, which functions to prevent cavities and helps strengthen kids’ enamel. While it does contain fluoride, which can help protect kids' teeth from damage and decay, this toothpaste doesn’t contain many of the things parents hope to avoid allowing their child to ingest, namely artificial sweeteners or flavors, preservatives, parabens, or dyes.

Hello Kids toothpaste relies on rebaudioside to add the flavor kids like. Rebaudioside is a natural sweetener that is derived from the stevia plant and is known for its sweetness. Other notable ingredients include potassium citrate, which helps reduce any sensitivity, hydrated silica to act as a mild abrasive, and tetrasodium pyrophosphate to reduce tartar buildup.

The ingredients in Hello Kids Magical Mermaid toothpaste are effective in promoting oral health and keeping kids teeth strong, but xylitol, which is in many toothpastes, can cause GI issues if it’s consumed, so it’s always important to monitor kids while they’re brushing to ensure they’re not swallowing it.

Best Flavorless

OraNurse Unflavoured Toothpaste

$13.23 at Walmart

Pros

  • Flavorless for people sensitive to strong flavors
  • Free from sodium lauryl sulfate
  • Options with different amount of fluoride available

Cons

  • Not widely available

Key Specs

  • Form: Gel
  • Fluoride: Yes (sodium monofluorophosphate)
  • Other ingredients: Sodium monofluorophosphate, xylitol, titanium dioxide
  • Whitening: No

For people sensitive to strong flavors and unfamiliar sensations, trying to find a tolerable toothpaste can feel daunting. While a range of flavorless toothpastes exist, OraNurse, a British toothpaste company, was initially created for autistic children, who can be highly sensitive to taste. Despite being flavorless and unfoaming, OraNurse still has what it takes to provide a thorough teeth-cleaning experience, with a range of fluoride levels to choose from.

One of my children is extremely sensitive to the traditional flavors and foaming sensation of toothpaste. Over the past few years, he’s grown to be able to tolerate a few fruity toddler gel toothpastes, but for years we cycled through dozens of toothpastes, in at least as many flavors (and even a few that are marketed as flavorless) but he was unable to tolerate them for more than one or two toothbrushing sessions. At one point, his sensitivity was so severe that we resorted to using unflavored, disposable oral swabs in lieu of traditional toothbrushing. As such, I figured he would be the ideal tester for a toothpaste marketed to meet his exact needs.

When I offered my son OraNurse, he started by smelling it, noting that it didn’t have the offensive “spicy” smell most toothpastes do. He applied it to his toothbrush with skepticism, but after brushing for a few seconds, he gave it a tacit nod of approval. After brushing, he shared that he felt it was a good toothpaste because it “tasted like nothing” and didn’t fill his mouth with “itchy bubbles,” which is his way of describing how toothpastes that contain the foaming agent sodium lauryl sulphate feel.

I gave OraNurse a try as well, and though it lacks the foaming, minty feeling I like in toothpaste, my teeth felt clean, and I could appreciate how someone sensitive to flavor and sensation would really like this option.

Best Whitening Powder

Made By Dentists Teeth Whitening Powder

$25 at Amazon

Pros

  • Can be added to any toothpaste
  • Uses hydroxyapatite, diamond powder, and hydrogen peroxide to whiten teeth
  • Formulated by dentists 

Cons

  • Not a stand-alone toothpaste

Key Specs

  • Form: Powder
  • Fluoride: No
  • Other ingredients: Hydroxyapatite, diamond powder, titanium dioxide, aloe barbadensis leaf powder, menthol, mint oil, mint leaf oil.
  • Whitening: Yes
If you already have a toothpaste you love but wish it offered more whitening power, Made By Dentists toothpaste booster may be the perfect option. To use this toothpaste booster, simply add a pinch or two to your toothpaste one or two times per day and brush as you normally would. Made By Dentists Teeth Whitening Powder is safe for everyday use and won’t damage the teeth’s enamel as it whitens. It’s made with hydroxyapatite, diamond powder, and titanium dioxide, which, when combined, help remove stains from the surface of the teeth and support enamel strength.

In addition to the whitening ingredients mentioned above, Made By Dentists Teeth Whitening Power contains aloe barbadensis leaf powder. The aloe plant has a wide range of medicinal uses, so it’s no surprise that clinical testing has shown that its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties are effective enough to serve as a substitute for fluoride.

For flavoring, this tooth whitening powder contains menthol, mint oil, and mint leaf oil, which give it a cooling, minty flavor that I personally found pleasant during testing, but it’s also understated enough that it didn’t overpower any flavoring in the toothpastes I added it to. I was also impressed that it was simple to use, didn’t cause any sensitivity, and seemed to make a positive difference in the brightness of my smile.

RiseWell toothpase

Best Mineral-Based Toothpaste

RiseWell Mineral Toothpaste

Pros

  • Uses plant-derived ingredients in place of fluoride
  • Free of artificial flavors, dyes
  • Available in Wild Mint, Flavorless, or Cake Batter for kids

Cons

  • Doesn’t contain fluoride
  • Not available widely 

Key Specs

  • Form: Paste
  • Fluoride: No
  • Other ingredients: Hydroxyapatite, tea tree, cinnamon, thyme extracts, wild mint and peppermint oils, orange, lemon, eucalyptus oils
  • Whitening: Yes

RiseWell Mineral Toothpaste offers an all-natural, mineral-based option to those who want the effectiveness of conventional toothpaste but want to avoid either fluoride or the nonnatural ingredients sometimes included in toothpaste by other companies.

Hydroxyapatite is the naturally occurring mineral that RiseWell relies on as its primary active ingredient. Hydroxyapatite is used in most remineralizing toothpastes and has been shown to deposit onto the surface of teeth, enhancing the strength of the existing enamel to serve as a barrier to bacteria and the resulting decay that is possible. Calcium carbonate and silica function in this toothpaste in ways similar to other toothpastes; they serve as gentle abrasives that help remove debris from the surface of the teeth and smooth the enamel, helping to eliminate the tiny scratches in enamel where bacteria can linger.

Several of the ingredients in RiseWell toothpaste, all derived from plants, have antimicrobial properties that help reduce the amount of bacteria in the mouth. These ingredients, like tea tree oil and lemon oil, have been shown to be effective in reducing bacteria and inflammation in the mouth.

 Cinnamon extract, which has both antifungal and antimicrobial properties that can help support oral health, is also included as an ingredient in RiseWell toothpaste.

RiseWell toothpaste also contains stevia, as well as sorbitol and erythritol, which are both sugar alcohols commonly used as sweeteners. When I tested RiseWell toothpaste, I found the taste pleasant; it was minty, but also sweet, and left my mouth tasting clean without feeling overpowered by a strong mint flavoring.

Best Tablets

Bite Toothpaste Bits

$24.99 at Amazon
$28Now 11% Off

Pros

  • Travel-ready and easy to transport
  • Reduces plastic waste
  • Options with and without fluoride
  • Free from artificial flavors, preservatives, sweeteners, and sodium lauryl sulfate

Cons

  • Fluoride version is only available in 1 flavor
  • Pricey compared with other toothpaste options 

Key Specs

  • Form: Tablet
  • Fluoride: Available with or without fluoride
  • Other ingredients: Bits with fluoride: sodium monofluorophosphate fluoride, calcium carbonate, xylitol, zinc citrate. Fluoride-free Bits: hydroxyapatite, zinc citrate, and xylitol.
  • Whitening: Yes

Bite, a company founded with the dual mission to reduce plastic waste and create trustworthy, all-natural oral care products, is our top pick for best toothpaste tablet. The tablets offered by Bite, called Bits, are travel-ready and easy to transport and come with a reusable glass jar that feels both sturdy enough to toss in your bag for travel and attractive enough to display on your bathroom countertop.

Once you’re brushing, the toothpaste experience you’ll have with toothpaste tablets is largely indistinguishable from the experience you’d have with toothpaste squeezed from a tube; the primary difference is in how you use the Bits. You place the toothpaste tablets directly into your mouth, chew, and then use a wet toothbrush to distribute the toothpaste and brush your teeth.

The toothpaste tablets offered by Bite contain all-natural ingredients that help strengthen the enamel and reduce sensitivity. You can choose to order Bits that contain fluoride or Bits that are fluoride-free. Fluoride-free Bits rely on ingredients similar to those found in other fluoride-free toothpastes to strengthen enamel and fight bacteria, including hydroxyapatite, zinc citrate, and xylitol. Both Bits with fluoride and fluoride-free Bits are free from artificial dyes, flavors, and preservatives, making them a great choice for the environmentally conscious toothbrusher.

Bite offers fluoride-free toothpaste Bits in three flavors: Mint, Mint Charcoal, and Berry Twist. However, the Bits that contain fluoride are only available in the Mint flavor. I tested the Mint bits and experienced the flavor as mildly overpowering in the moments after I first chewed the Bit, but found that it normalized as soon as I started brushing.

Comparison Table

Best
Contains Fluoride
Other Ingredients
Whitening
Whitening
Yes (sodium monofluorophosphate)
Hydrogen peroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate
Yes
Natural
Yes (sodium monofluorophosphate)
Calcium carbonate, hydrated silica, sodium lauryl sulfate
Yes
Gingivitis
Yes (stannous fluoride)
Titanium dioxide, hydrated silica, sodium lauryl sulfate
Yes
Sensitive teeth
Yes (sodium fluoride)
Potassium nitrate, titanium dioxide, hydrated silica, sodium lauryl sulfate
Yes
Bad breath
Yes (sodium fluoride)
Sodium chlorite, baking soda, titanium dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate
Yes
Plaque removal
Yes (stannous fluoride)
Titanium dioxide, hydrated silica, arginine
Yes
Tartar control
No
Hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate
Yes
Kids
Yes (sodium fluoride)
Potassium citrate, hydrated silica, tetrasodium pyrophosphate
No
Flavorless
Yes (sodium monofluorophosphate)
Xylitol, titanium dioxide
No
Toothpaste booster
No
Hydroxyapatite, diamond powder, titanium dioxide, aloe barbadensis leaf powder, menthol, mint oil, mint leaf oil
Yes
Mineral
No
Hydroxyapatite, tea tree-, cinnamon-, thyme extracts, wild mint and peppermint oils, orange, lemon, eucalyptus oils
Yes
Tablet
Available with or without fluoride
Bits with fluoride: Sodium monofluorophosphate fluoride, calcium carbonate, xylitol, zinc citrate. Fluoride-free Bits: hydroxyapatite, zinc citrate, and xylitol.
Yes

How We Tested the Toothpaste

We talked with experts in the field of dentistry and the specialty of endodontics to learn what’s most important when choosing and using toothpaste, and then looked at the specifics of 15-plus top-rated toothpaste options.

Our testers used their products for several days or weeks, taking note of how each toothpaste performed in regard to any specific claims the brand made or needs it was designed to meet. Testers also took notes on the form of the toothpastes they were testing, the flavor and flavoring, and their general impressions of the product.

My personal background includes qualifications that are helpful when testing or reviewing different types of health and hygiene products. I’ve worked as a health reporter for more than seven years and have a master’s degree in public health. I’m good at evaluating whether health claims match the data and at identifying experts in the field, in this case, dental and oral health experts who can answer key questions, identify themes, and share their expert recommendations. We consulted with these experts:

  • Steven J. Katz, DDS, practicing at Beachwood Endodontic Specialists in Beachwood, Ohio
  • Michelle Jorgensen, DDS, owner of Living Well with Dr. Michelle Jorgensen in Pleasant Grove, Utah

What to Look for When Choosing a Toothpaste

When you’re choosing a toothpaste, you’ll want to consider your specific oral health needs as well as your personal preferences for things like flavor and form. Here’s what to look for when choosing a toothpaste:

Your Specific Needs If you have tooth sensitivity, gum disease, bad breath, or any other specific dental concern, you’ll likely want to find a toothpaste that is designed to address your specific issue.

Fluoride or Fluoride-Free Fluoride is an ingredient in most toothpaste made for adults. While it’s safe when used appropriately, not everyone is comfortable with fluoride, and some would prefer a fluoride-free toothpaste option.

Flavor and Flavoring Ingredients Depending on how sensitive you are to taste and how much you care about what ingredients are used to flavor toothpaste, you’ll want to check the label of any toothpaste you're considering to make sure it meets your flavor preferences.

Is Fluoride Safe?

When used as directed, fluoride is an effective way to help strengthen enamel, protect teeth from damage, and reduce the likelihood of major dental issues. “Children and adults in communities with fluoridated water show between 25 and 50 percent reduction in cavities,” says Dr. Katz. “Fluoride is safe when used as directed and in the appropriate amounts, and is the most researched and effective ingredient used to strengthen teeth and prevent decay.”

Can I Prevent Cavities With the Right Toothpaste?

Whether or not you can heal tooth decay depends on how advanced it is. Tooth decay occurs when bacteria in your mouth produces acid that causes damage to the outer layer of your teeth, or enamel. Over time, this damage causes holes, or cavities, in the impacted tooth.

In the early stages of tooth decay, small cavities can also sometimes be repaired with the right toothpaste.

 “Very small cavities can be repaired using a fluoride toothpaste,” says Katz. “Fluoride has been shown not only to strengthen enamel during the development of teeth but to cause remineralization or repair of very small cavities.”

If cavities are beyond the stage in which they are small enough to be repaired through remineralization, which they typically are by the time they are identified, a dentist can repair them. “But more often than not, cavities will require repair by a dentist,” adds Katz.

Can Toothpaste Heal Sensitive Teeth and Gums?

Toothpaste designed to address the underlying causes of sensitivity in the teeth and gums can be effective, but when it’s not, it’s important to visit a dentist to investigate what may be going on and address the problem before it gets worse.

“When the discomfort becomes more intense, it’s time to see your dentist,” says Katz, noting that tooth or gum sensitivity is often a symptom of a larger issue, rather than the primary issue itself. “I frequently see patients whose sensitivity is related to a deeper issue, such as a cracked tooth or inflammation in the nerve.” Some clues that your sensitivity should be addressed in more ways than by using a sensitivity toothpaste include noticing any swelling or broken teeth, experiencing pain that persists or gets worse over time, or pain that keeps you up through the night.

FAQs

Does whitening toothpaste really work?
In general, toothpastes with whitening ingredients like silica, baking soda, or hydrogen peroxide are more effective at whitening teeth than options that don’t include these ingredients.
Charcoal toothpaste is abrasive and can erode the tooth enamel. “Charcoal toothpaste will also irritate gums and could cause [gum] recession (receding gums),” says Dr. Katz. He notes that what’s not in charcoal toothpaste can also lead to damage. “Most charcoal toothpaste doesn’t contain fluoride either, so you lose the strengthening characteristics fluoride provides,” he adds.
Both toothpaste and toothbrush matter. “The best toothbrush is the one that helps you clean thoroughly — usually an electric one,” says Dr. Jorgensen, “especially for kids and adults who need a little help doing it right.”
Most toothpaste expires about two years after its manufacture date; the expiration date can typically be found printed on the outside of the box or tube. Using expired toothpaste won’t typically cause harm, but active ingredients like fluoride lose effectiveness over time.

Why Trust Everyday Health

We independently investigate and recommend products and services we believe will enrich the lives of our readers and meet their specific needs. You can trust our reviews because we do the legwork for you. Read more about why you can trust us.

Julia Pelly, MPH

Author

Julia Pelly began her freelance writing career covering health and parenting topics over 10 years ago after a decade of working with nonprofits focused on children's health. Pelly is a certified lactation counselor (CLC), childbirth educator (The Bradley Method), La Leche League leader, and a doula. She has a master's degree in public health from Tulane University.

Her writing has covered pregnancy and childbirth, early childhood development, lactation, postpartum healthcare, and mental health. Her byline has appeared in The New York Times, Washington Post, Time, Vox, Parents, Glamour, InStyle, and Today's Parent, among others.

When she's not working, she enjoys spending time with her four young children, hiking, swimming, and reading.

Elizabeth Simpson, DDS

Elizabeth V. Simpson, DMD

Medical Reviewer

Elizabeth V. Simpson, DMD, is a clinical associate professor at the Indiana University School of Dentistry in Indianapolis. The bulk of her practice has been in the public health setting.

She attended the University of Notre Dame, where she was a science pre-professional studies major. After college, she worked in the Indianapolis public schools as a bilingual teaching assistant, which is when she decided to become a dentist. She graduated from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine in 2010 and did a general practice residency at Meharry Medical College School of Dentistry.

Dr. Simpson has completed two leadership programs. In one for the Indiana Dental Association, she started a mentoring program pairing high school students from underrepresented groups who were interested in pursuing dentistry with dental students also from underrepresented groups from the Indiana University School of Dentistry. In an American Dental Association program, she started a tooth-brushing program at an elementary school in Indianapolis.

Simpson writes for an American Dental Association blog and has participated as a speaker and panelist at several conferences, including for the Christian Dental Association, American Student Dental Association, and American Association of Women Dentists, as well as for the American Dental Association's Smile Con.

She is fluent in Spanish and speaks conversational French and Portuguese.

Daniel Oakley

Fact-Checker

Daniel Oakley is a journalist, editor, and fact-checker. He has written, edited, taught, and produced media for Dow Jones, S&P Global, IHS Markit, Third Coast Studios Magazine, and 826 National.

Oakley's path has always been a health-and-wellness-focused one. A competitive triathlete and racing fundraiser for the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, he also spends summer weekends as an ISA-certified surf instructor and Red Cross professional water rescuer with Laru Beya Collective in Rockaway Beach, which helps kids master and delight in their own backyard — the ocean. It has taught Oakley that “optimizing body and mind” flourishes precisely at the wellspring of community.

Lili Ladaga

Lili Ladaga

Editor
Lili Ladaga is a freelance editor on the Marketplace Team at Everyday Health.

Simone Scully

Tester

Simone Scully is the editorial director for service commerce and marketplace content at Everyday Health. She has nearly 15 years of experience as a professional health and science journalist, covering topics such as the psychological impacts of living with chronic conditions, nationwide gaps in menopause healthcare, grief, neonatal loss, and the latest wellness trends over her career. Her byline has been published by over 35 publications, including Healthline, Well+Good, InStyle, Psych Central, Romper, Narratively, Nautilus magazine, and more.

Before joining Everyday Health, Simone was an editorial director of health and parenting commerce and service content at Dotdash Meredith. She oversaw a team of editors and writers that published content across nine different sites, including the Verywells, Parents, Health, and Shape. Prior to this, she also worked as an editor at The Weather Channel's Weather.com, Upworthy, theSkimm, and Business Insider. A project Simone oversaw at Weather.com on the health and environmental impacts of global water shortages won several awards in 2020, including the CMA award for Best Series of Articles, an IAC award, and an Eppy award, among others.

Simone received a master's degree in Journalism from Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism, where she focused on science and health long-form reporting and photojournalism. Her master's thesis explored the treatment of prolonged grief disorder following a miscarriage or the loss of a child. She was also awarded the John Horgan Award for Critical Science and Health Journalism at graduation.

Born in Minnesota, Simone lived 14 years in France until she graduated high school, then three years in London to get her bachelor's degree at the London School of Economics and Political Science. She currently lives in the Hudson Valley of New York with her husband, son, dog, and cats. When she's not working, you can find her writing fiction or plays, hiking in national parks, or tending to her garden and indoor plants.

EDITORIAL SOURCES
Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure the accuracy of its content, outlined in our editorial policy. We use only trustworthy sources, including peer-reviewed studies, board-certified medical experts, patients with lived experience, and information from top institutions.
Resources
  1. How Oral Health May Affect Your Heart, Brain and Risk of Death. American Heart Association. March 19, 2021.
  2. Diabetes & Oral Health. National Institutes of Health. October 2024.
  3. Oral Health Tips for Adults. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. May 15, 2024.
  4. About Fluoride. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. May 15, 2024.
  5. Kim S et al. Whitening Efficacy of Toothpastes on Coffee-Stained Teeth: An Enamel Surface Analysis. International Dental Journal. December 2024.
  6. Shamel M et al. Influence of Different Types of Whitening Tooth Pastes on the Tooth Color, Enamel Surface Roughness and Enamel Morphology of Human Teeth. F1000Research. October 15, 2019.
  7. Teeth Sensitivity. Cleveland Clinic. August 4, 2022.
  8. Tooth Whitening. Ontario Dental Hygienist Association.
  9. Toothpastes. American Dental Association. July 8, 2021.
  10. Tungare S et al. Teeth Polishing. StatPearls. September 26, 2022.
  11. Shukla K et al. An In Vitro Study to Evaluate the Antimicrobial Activity of a Zinc Citrate, Sodium Fluoride, Alum and Xylitol-Based Toothpaste Formulation. Cureus. April 30, 2024.
  12. Heetfeld A et al. Challenging a Paradigm: Skin Sensitivity to Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Is Independent of Atopic Diathesis. British Journal of Dermatology. September 28, 2019.
  13. Gingivitis. Cleveland Clinic. January 23, 2023.
  14. Fiorillo L et al. Stannous Fluoride Effects on Enamel: A Systematic Review. Biomimetics. August 31, 2020.
  15. Cheng Y et al. Enhanced Tooth Bleaching With a Hydrogen Peroxide/Titanium Dioxide Gel. BMC Oral Health. August 9, 2024.
  16. Hara A et al. Baking Soda as an Abrasive in Toothpastes. Journal of the American Dental Association. November 2017.
  17. Sharma S et al. Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of Potassium Nitrate Desensitizing Mouthwash and a Toothpaste in the Treatment of Dentinal Hypersensitivity. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. February 1, 2012.
  18. Joiner A et al. Remineralisation Effect of a Dual-Phase Calcium Silicate/Phosphate Gel Combined With Calcium Silicate/Phosphate Toothpaste on Acid-Challenged Enamel In Situ. Journal of Dentistry. June 2014.
  19. Grootveld KL et al. Twelve-Hour Longevity of the Oral Malodour-Neutralising Capacity of an Oral Rinse Product Containing the Chlorine Dioxide Precursor Sodium Chlorite. Journal of Oral Health Dentistry. February 20, 2018.
  20. Szalai E et al. Daily Use of Chlorine Dioxide Effectively Treats Halitosis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. PLOS One. January 12, 2023.
  21. Bijle M et al. The Combined Antimicrobial Effect of Arginine and Fluoride Toothpaste. Science Reports. June 10, 2019.
  22. Tandelilin R. et al. The Efficacy of Anticalculus Mouth Rinse in Moderate Gingivitis Patients With and Without Professional Intervention. Journal of International Oral Health. May–June 2018.
  23. O’Hagan-Wong K et al. The Use of Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste to Prevent Dental Caries. Odontology. November 22, 2021.
  24. Hamza B et al. Mechanical Properties of Toothpastes With Diamond Abrasives. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. April 2020.
  25. Sayar F et al. Clinical Efficacy of Aloe Vera Toothpaste on Periodontal Parameters of Patients With Gingivitis—A Randomized, Controlled, Single-Masked Clinical Trial. The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practices. 2021.
  26. Wiatrak K et al. Evaluation of Effectiveness of a Toothpaste Containing Tea Tree Oil and Ethanolic Extract of Propolis on the Improvement of Oral Health in Patients Using Removable Partial Dentures. Molecules. July 3, 2021.
  27. Yanakiev S. Effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.) in Dentistry: A Review. Molecules. September 12, 2020.
  28. Cavities: What are They and How Do We Prevent Them? American Dental Association.
  29. The Tooth Decay Process: How to Reverse It and Avoid a Cavity. National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research. January 2025.
Additional Sources