Wellness & SelfcareSexual HealthContraception & Safe Sex

Contraception & Safe Sex

Contraception and safe sex involve empowering yourself to make the most informed decisions around preventing pregnancy and reducing the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Various contraceptive options are available, including barrier methods like male and female condoms, which reduce the risk of STIs and pregnancy, as well as hormonal contraception, intrauterine devices, and emergency contraception that aim to prevent pregnancy.

 Open communication with sexual partners, consistent condom use, and regular STI testing are crucial for safer sex practices and healthy sexual relationships.

Commonly Asked Questions

What are common contraceptive methods?

Common temporary contraceptive options include hormonal birth control, barrier methods like condoms and diaphragms, the withdrawal method, IUDs, natural family planning and fertility awareness, and implants. Vasectomy and tubal ligation are permanent contraceptive surgeries.

Using condoms can reduce your risk of getting an STI. Vaccines are also available for some STIs, such as hepatitis B and human papillomavirus (HPV). The only 100-percent-effective STI prevention method is not having sex at all.

Emergency contraception involves methods to prevent unwanted pregnancy after unprotected sex, including several pills and the copper IUD. Choosing emergency contraception depends on several factors, including how much time has passed since having unprotected sex and body weight.

Used correctly, external condoms are about 98-percent effective at preventing unplanned pregnancy, while internal condoms are around 95-percent effective. However, not everyone uses condoms correctly, so condom effectiveness is lower in reality.

A primary care physician or ob-gyn can test for STIs, and many areas have clinics that focus solely on STI diagnosis and treatment. Check the CDC website for a list of clinics. At-home STI test kits are also available online.

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Resources
  1. Contraception. World Health Organization.
  2. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. February 27, 2025.

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